新航道上海學(xué)校SAT培訓(xùn)班 小編繼續(xù)給大家?guī)鞸AT文法第六期，每期分享3-5個(gè)文法知識(shí)點(diǎn)，幫助大家更好地備考SAT。

  一、動(dòng)詞

  非謂語動(dòng)詞

  1. 含義：

  1.含義：

  簡單句或主從句中，不作謂語的動(dòng)詞。

  例如：

  1 Tom is a student studying SAT.

  2 Mary is a student helped by his friends.

  3 To get a higher mark, John needs to study harder than other students.

  2. 用法：

  劃重點(diǎn)

  非謂語動(dòng)詞有三種形式：不定式、動(dòng)名詞和分詞，其中動(dòng)名詞不涉及考點(diǎn)，所以重點(diǎn)看不定式和分詞(現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞)的考點(diǎn)。

  非謂語動(dòng)詞可以作的成分很多，比如作主語、作賓語、作賓補(bǔ)、作定語和作狀語，但SAT考點(diǎn)中重點(diǎn)考察作定語和作狀語的情況。

  (1) 不定式作定語

  (2) 不定式作狀語

  (3) 分詞作定語

  (4) 分詞作狀語

  (1) 不定式作定語

  a) 定義：不定式作為修飾限定語，修飾前面的名詞。

  b) 動(dòng)詞形式：名詞+to do.

  c) 用法：名詞后的不定式無需加標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)

  d) 例句：

  i. I have a book to read.

  ii. Tom was the only person to affect this disease.

  iii. Her persistence to lose weight inspires me.

  (2) 不定式作狀語

  a) 定義：不定式作為修飾限定語，修飾主句的主語：在句首時(shí)，需要加逗號(hào)與主句隔開。

  b) 動(dòng)詞形式：To do+名詞，主句. 或 名詞+to do

  c) 用法：名詞后的不定式無需加標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)

  d) 例句：

  i. To achieve his target, John needs to run at least 30 minutes every day.

  ii. Tom was the only person to affect this disease.

  iii. Her persistence to lose weight inspires me.

  (3) 分詞作定語

  a) 定義：分詞作為后置定語，修飾前面的名詞。

  b) 動(dòng)詞形式：名詞+分詞：分詞+doing或分詞+done

  c) 用法：名詞與后面的分詞之間無需加標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)。

  d) 例句：

  i. The man watching TV feels boring after two hours later.

  ii. The windows wet with rain need to clean when it stops raining.

  iii. Mary cheated by his friends was sad and angry.

  (4) 分詞作狀語

  a) 定義：不定式作為修飾限定語，修飾主句的主語：在句首時(shí)，需要加逗號(hào)與主句隔開。

  b) 動(dòng)詞形式：分詞+名詞，主句. 或 名詞+分詞

  c) 用法：名詞后的分詞無需加標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào);在句首的分詞要修飾主句主語。

  d) 例句：

  i. After watching TV for two hours, the man feels boring.

  ii. Beaten by his father, Tom starts to cry.

  iii. Her work finished within one hours was indeed in high quality.

  真題檢測(cè)

  真題檢測(cè)1

  (2017-10NA-Q30) The photo is then immersed in water and warmed. In conclusion, it is coated with lavender oil to give it (a protective finish).

  A. NO CHANGE

  B. oil— to give it (a protective finish)

  C. oil, to give, it (a protective finish)

  D. oil to give it (a protective finish)

  解析：通過lavender oil to give it看出是不定式作定語的考點(diǎn)，根據(jù)不定式作定語無需添加標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)的規(guī)則，排除選項(xiàng)中帶有標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)的選項(xiàng)，所以排除A/B/C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)，所以選D。

  注：2017-10NA-Q30為2017年10月北美真題30題。

  真題檢測(cè)2

  (2017-05AS-Q7) Electronic health record system can actually reduce errors by, for instance, cross-referencing drug information, this provides doctors with automatic warnings about adverse drug interactions.

  A. NO CHANGE

  B. information to provide

  C. information; providing

  D. information, provides

  解析：通過information to provide看出是不定式作定語的考點(diǎn)，根據(jù)不定式作定語無需添加標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)的規(guī)則，排除選項(xiàng)中帶有標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)的選項(xiàng)，具體錯(cuò)因?yàn)椋篈和D項(xiàng)需要加連接詞，而C項(xiàng)分號(hào)后需要前后一致，分號(hào)后為分詞而非句子，所以排除A/C/D三個(gè)選項(xiàng)，所以選B。

  注：2017-05AS-Q7為2017年5月亞太真題7題。

  真題檢測(cè)3

  (2018-03AS-Q27) The education of all pharmacists should be expanded to include additional medical training, and they should be empowered to perform even more of the tasks, traditionally performed by primary care physicians.

  A. NO CHANGE

  B. tasks, traditionally performed by,

  C. tasks traditionally performed, by

  D. tasks traditionally performed by

  解析：通過tasks traditionally performed by看出是過去分詞作后置定語的考點(diǎn)，根據(jù)分詞作定語無需添加標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)的規(guī)則，排除選項(xiàng)中帶有標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)的選項(xiàng)，所以排除A/B/C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)，所以選D。

  注：2018-03AS-Q27為2018年3月亞太真題27題。

  真題檢測(cè)4

  (2017-05NA-Q32) After hearing a lineup of well-known, famous art critics testify to the aesthetic value and originality of nonrepresentational art like Bird in Space, the courts ruling was in favor of Brancusi.

  A. NO CHANGE

  B. the ruling of the court was in favor of Brancusi.

  C. the court ruled in favor of Brancusi.

  D. Brancusi was the favorable receiver of the court’s ruling.

  解析：通過after hearing a lineup看出是現(xiàn)在分詞作前置定語的考點(diǎn)，根據(jù)在句首的分詞要修飾主句主語的規(guī)則，排除不能發(fā)出hearing動(dòng)作的主語，即A項(xiàng)的the courts， B項(xiàng)的the ruling和C項(xiàng)的the court，所以排除A/B/C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)，所以選D。

  注：2018-3AS-Q27為2018年3月亞太真題27題。

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